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Psychiatry Journals
- Volume 40 Issue 10
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a biomarker for mood disorders: An historical overview and future directions
- Case for and against specificity of depression in Alzheimer's disease
- Do we need to flick the switch? The need for a broader conceptualization of iatrogenic course aggravation in clinical trials of bipolar disorder
- Insight and quality of life in long-term hospitalized Japanese patients with chronic schizophrenia
Psychology Journals
- The effects of dietary cholesterol-lowering on psychological symptoms: A randomised controlled study
- Explaining the effect of event valence on unrealistic optimism
- Clinical and behavioural aspects of aging with HIV infection
- Social support network structure in older people: Underlying dimensions and association with psychological and physical health
- Psychological distress as a correlate of a biologically confirmed STI, risky sexual practices, self-efficacy and communication with male sex partners in African-American female adolescents
Psychotherapy Journals
Latest Headlines
Advances in Applying the Science of Learning and Instruction to Education
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Categories: Psychology Journals
Learning Styles: Concepts and Evidence
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Categories: Psychology Journals
The Mitigating Effects of Suspicion on Post-Identification Feedback and on Retrospective Eyewitness Memory
Categories: Psychology Journals
An Evaluation of Malingering Screens with Competency to Stand Trial Patients: A Known-Groups Comparison
Categories: Psychology Journals
Race-Based Judgments, Race-Neutral Justifications: Experimental Examination of Peremptory Use and the Batson Challenge Procedure
Categories: Psychology Journals
Competence to Complete Psychiatric Advance Directives: Effects of Facilitated Decision Making
Categories: Psychology Journals
Plk2 attachment to NSF induces homeostatic removal of GluA2 during chronic overexcitation.
Publication Date: 2010 Aug 29 PMID: 20802490
Authors: Evers, D. M. - Matta, J. A. - Hoe, H. S. - Zarkowsky, D. - Lee, S. H. - Isaac, J. T. - Pak, D. T.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is important for many forms of synaptic plasticity. However, the link between activity and resulting synaptic alterations is not fully understood. We identified a direct interaction between N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF), an ATPase involved in membrane fusion events and stabilization of surface AMPARs, and Polo-like kinase- 2 (Plk2), an activity-inducible kinase that homeostatically decreases excitatory synapse number and strength. Plk2 disrupted the interaction of NSF with the GluA2 subunit of AMPARs, promoting extensive loss of surface GluA2 in rat hippocampal neurons, greater association of GluA2 with adaptor proteins PICK1 and GRIP1, and decreased synaptic AMPAR current. Plk2 engagement of NSF, but not Plk2 kinase activity, was required for this mechanism and occurred through a motif in the Plk2 protein that was independent of the canonical polo box interaction sites. These data reveal that heightened synaptic activity, acting through Plk2, leads to homeostatic decreases in surface AMPAR expression via the direct dissociation of NSF from GluA2.
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Authors: Evers, D. M. - Matta, J. A. - Hoe, H. S. - Zarkowsky, D. - Lee, S. H. - Isaac, J. T. - Pak, D. T.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is important for many forms of synaptic plasticity. However, the link between activity and resulting synaptic alterations is not fully understood. We identified a direct interaction between N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF), an ATPase involved in membrane fusion events and stabilization of surface AMPARs, and Polo-like kinase- 2 (Plk2), an activity-inducible kinase that homeostatically decreases excitatory synapse number and strength. Plk2 disrupted the interaction of NSF with the GluA2 subunit of AMPARs, promoting extensive loss of surface GluA2 in rat hippocampal neurons, greater association of GluA2 with adaptor proteins PICK1 and GRIP1, and decreased synaptic AMPAR current. Plk2 engagement of NSF, but not Plk2 kinase activity, was required for this mechanism and occurred through a motif in the Plk2 protein that was independent of the canonical polo box interaction sites. These data reveal that heightened synaptic activity, acting through Plk2, leads to homeostatic decreases in surface AMPAR expression via the direct dissociation of NSF from GluA2.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Intrinsic biophysical diversity decorrelates neuronal firing while increasing information content.
Publication Date: 2010 Aug 29 PMID: 20802489
Authors: Padmanabhan, K. - Urban, N. N.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Although examples of variation and diversity exist throughout the nervous system, their importance remains a source of debate. Even neurons of the same molecular type have notable intrinsic differences. Largely unknown, however, is the degree to which these differences impair or assist neural coding. We examined the outputs from a single type of neuron, the mitral cells of the mouse olfactory bulb, to identical stimuli and found that each cell's spiking response was dictated by its unique biophysical fingerprint. Using this intrinsic heterogeneity, diverse populations were able to code for twofold more information than their homogeneous counterparts. In addition, biophysical variability alone reduced pair-wise output spike correlations to low levels. Our results indicate that intrinsic neuronal diversity is important for neural coding and is not simply the result of biological imprecision.
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Authors: Padmanabhan, K. - Urban, N. N.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Although examples of variation and diversity exist throughout the nervous system, their importance remains a source of debate. Even neurons of the same molecular type have notable intrinsic differences. Largely unknown, however, is the degree to which these differences impair or assist neural coding. We examined the outputs from a single type of neuron, the mitral cells of the mouse olfactory bulb, to identical stimuli and found that each cell's spiking response was dictated by its unique biophysical fingerprint. Using this intrinsic heterogeneity, diverse populations were able to code for twofold more information than their homogeneous counterparts. In addition, biophysical variability alone reduced pair-wise output spike correlations to low levels. Our results indicate that intrinsic neuronal diversity is important for neural coding and is not simply the result of biological imprecision.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Building the preBotzinger complex.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20740034
Authors: Dave, K. A.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
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Authors: Dave, K. A.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Zooming in on mouse vision.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20740033
Authors: Sirotin, Y. B. - Das, A.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
An examination of the micro-organization of visual cortex using two-photon calcium imaging provides a new level of insight into retinotopic maps, finding that retinotopy is scrambled on fine scales in mouse primary visual cortex.
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Authors: Sirotin, Y. B. - Das, A.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
An examination of the micro-organization of visual cortex using two-photon calcium imaging provides a new level of insight into retinotopic maps, finding that retinotopy is scrambled on fine scales in mouse primary visual cortex.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Handling accumulated internal Cl- at inhibitory synapses.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20740032
Authors: Smart, T. G.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
A study in this issue finds that under conditions of intense activity at specific inhibitory synapses, the voltage gated Cl- channel CIC-2 is vital for allowing efflux of accumulated internal Cl-.
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Authors: Smart, T. G.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
A study in this issue finds that under conditions of intense activity at specific inhibitory synapses, the voltage gated Cl- channel CIC-2 is vital for allowing efflux of accumulated internal Cl-.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Dnmt3a: addiction's molecular forget-me-not?
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20740031
Authors: Hopf, F. W. - Bonci, A.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
A new study examines the contribution of DNA methylation to long-term behavioral and morphological changes produced by cocaine exposure or chronic social defeat stress.
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Authors: Hopf, F. W. - Bonci, A.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
A new study examines the contribution of DNA methylation to long-term behavioral and morphological changes produced by cocaine exposure or chronic social defeat stress.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
MeCP2 and drug addiction.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20740030
Authors: Feng, J. - Nestler, E. J.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Two studies in this issue show that the protein MeCP2, which is implicated in Rett syndrome, also critically regulates behavioral responses to psychostimulants. Although the two studies highlight different mechanisms of MeCP2 in regulating these behaviors, both underscore the importance of epigenetic mechanisms in establishing drug addiction.
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Authors: Feng, J. - Nestler, E. J.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Two studies in this issue show that the protein MeCP2, which is implicated in Rett syndrome, also critically regulates behavioral responses to psychostimulants. Although the two studies highlight different mechanisms of MeCP2 in regulating these behaviors, both underscore the importance of epigenetic mechanisms in establishing drug addiction.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Good blogosphere practices. A recent brouhaha over corporate-sponsored scientific blogs sharing the same platform as those that are editorially independent highlights the need for clearly disclosing any potential conflicts of interest in the blogosphere.
Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Chronic monoacylglycerol lipase blockade causes functional antagonism of the endocannabinoid system.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20729846
Authors: Schlosburg, J. E. - Blankman, J. L. - Long, J. Z. - Nomura, D. K. - Pan, B. - Kinsey, S. G. - Nguyen, P. T. - Ramesh, D. - Booker, L. - Burston, J. J. - Thomas, E. A. - Selley, D. E. - Sim-Selley, L. J. - Liu, Q. S. - Lichtman, A. H. - Cravatt, B. F.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Prolonged exposure to drugs of abuse, such as cannabinoids and opioids, leads to pharmacological tolerance and receptor desensitization in the nervous system. We found that a similar form of functional antagonism was produced by sustained inactivation of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), the principal degradative enzyme for the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. After repeated administration, the MAGL inhibitor JZL184 lost its analgesic activity and produced cross-tolerance to cannabinoid receptor (CB1) agonists in mice, effects that were phenocopied by genetic disruption of Mgll (encoding MAGL). Chronic MAGL blockade also caused physical dependence, impaired endocannabinoid-dependent synaptic plasticity and desensitized brain CB1 receptors. These data contrast with blockade of fatty acid amide hydrolase, an enzyme that degrades the other major endocannabinoid anandamide, which produced sustained analgesia without impairing CB1 receptors. Thus, individual endocannabinoids generate distinct analgesic profiles that are either sustained or transitory and associated with agonism and functional antagonism of the brain cannabinoid system, respectively.
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Authors: Schlosburg, J. E. - Blankman, J. L. - Long, J. Z. - Nomura, D. K. - Pan, B. - Kinsey, S. G. - Nguyen, P. T. - Ramesh, D. - Booker, L. - Burston, J. J. - Thomas, E. A. - Selley, D. E. - Sim-Selley, L. J. - Liu, Q. S. - Lichtman, A. H. - Cravatt, B. F.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Prolonged exposure to drugs of abuse, such as cannabinoids and opioids, leads to pharmacological tolerance and receptor desensitization in the nervous system. We found that a similar form of functional antagonism was produced by sustained inactivation of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), the principal degradative enzyme for the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. After repeated administration, the MAGL inhibitor JZL184 lost its analgesic activity and produced cross-tolerance to cannabinoid receptor (CB1) agonists in mice, effects that were phenocopied by genetic disruption of Mgll (encoding MAGL). Chronic MAGL blockade also caused physical dependence, impaired endocannabinoid-dependent synaptic plasticity and desensitized brain CB1 receptors. These data contrast with blockade of fatty acid amide hydrolase, an enzyme that degrades the other major endocannabinoid anandamide, which produced sustained analgesia without impairing CB1 receptors. Thus, individual endocannabinoids generate distinct analgesic profiles that are either sustained or transitory and associated with agonism and functional antagonism of the brain cannabinoid system, respectively.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Pias3-dependent SUMOylation controls mammalian cone photoreceptor differentiation.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20729845
Authors: Onishi, A. - Peng, G. H. - Chen, S. - Blackshaw, S.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Selective expression of retinal cone opsin genes is essential for color vision, but the mechanism mediating this process is poorly understood. Both vertebrate rod and medium wavelength-sensitive (M) cone photoreceptors differentiate by repression of a short wavelength-sensitive (S) cone differentiation program. We found that Pias3 acts in mouse cone photoreceptors to activate expression of M opsin and repress expression of S opsin, with the transcription factors Trbeta2 and Rxrgamma mediating preferential expression of Pias3 in M cones. Finally, we observed that Pias3 directly regulated M and S cone opsin expression by modulating the cone-enriched transcription factors Rxrgamma, Roralpha and Trbeta1. Our results indicate that Pias3-dependent SUMOylation of photoreceptor-specific transcription factors is a common mechanism that controls both rod and cone photoreceptor subtype specification, regulating distinct molecular targets in the two cell types.
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Authors: Onishi, A. - Peng, G. H. - Chen, S. - Blackshaw, S.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Selective expression of retinal cone opsin genes is essential for color vision, but the mechanism mediating this process is poorly understood. Both vertebrate rod and medium wavelength-sensitive (M) cone photoreceptors differentiate by repression of a short wavelength-sensitive (S) cone differentiation program. We found that Pias3 acts in mouse cone photoreceptors to activate expression of M opsin and repress expression of S opsin, with the transcription factors Trbeta2 and Rxrgamma mediating preferential expression of Pias3 in M cones. Finally, we observed that Pias3 directly regulated M and S cone opsin expression by modulating the cone-enriched transcription factors Rxrgamma, Roralpha and Trbeta1. Our results indicate that Pias3-dependent SUMOylation of photoreceptor-specific transcription factors is a common mechanism that controls both rod and cone photoreceptor subtype specification, regulating distinct molecular targets in the two cell types.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Dnmt3a regulates emotional behavior and spine plasticity in the nucleus accumbens.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20729844
Authors: LaPlant, Q. - Vialou, V. - Covington, H. E. 3rd - Dumitriu, D. - Feng, J. - Warren, B. L. - Maze, I. - Dietz, D. M. - Watts, E. L. - Iniguez, S. D. - Koo, J. W. - Mouzon, E. - Renthal, W. - Hollis, F. - Wang, H. - Noonan, M. A. - Ren, Y. - Eisch, A. J. - Bolanos, C. A. - Kabbaj, M. - Xiao, G. - Neve, R. L. - Hurd, Y. L. - Oosting, R. S. - Fan, G. - Morrison, J. H. - Nestler, E. J.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Despite abundant expression of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) in brain, the regulation and behavioral role of DNA methylation remain poorly understood. We found that Dnmt3a expression was regulated in mouse nucleus accumbens (NAc) by chronic cocaine use and chronic social defeat stress. Moreover, NAc-specific manipulations that block DNA methylation potentiated cocaine reward and exerted antidepressant-like effects, whereas NAc-specific Dnmt3a overexpression attenuated cocaine reward and was pro-depressant. On a cellular level, we found that chronic cocaine use selectively increased thin dendritic spines on NAc neurons and that DNA methylation was both necessary and sufficient to mediate these effects. These data establish the importance of Dnmt3a in the NAc in regulating cellular and behavioral plasticity to emotional stimuli.
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Authors: LaPlant, Q. - Vialou, V. - Covington, H. E. 3rd - Dumitriu, D. - Feng, J. - Warren, B. L. - Maze, I. - Dietz, D. M. - Watts, E. L. - Iniguez, S. D. - Koo, J. W. - Mouzon, E. - Renthal, W. - Hollis, F. - Wang, H. - Noonan, M. A. - Ren, Y. - Eisch, A. J. - Bolanos, C. A. - Kabbaj, M. - Xiao, G. - Neve, R. L. - Hurd, Y. L. - Oosting, R. S. - Fan, G. - Morrison, J. H. - Nestler, E. J.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Despite abundant expression of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) in brain, the regulation and behavioral role of DNA methylation remain poorly understood. We found that Dnmt3a expression was regulated in mouse nucleus accumbens (NAc) by chronic cocaine use and chronic social defeat stress. Moreover, NAc-specific manipulations that block DNA methylation potentiated cocaine reward and exerted antidepressant-like effects, whereas NAc-specific Dnmt3a overexpression attenuated cocaine reward and was pro-depressant. On a cellular level, we found that chronic cocaine use selectively increased thin dendritic spines on NAc neurons and that DNA methylation was both necessary and sufficient to mediate these effects. These data establish the importance of Dnmt3a in the NAc in regulating cellular and behavioral plasticity to emotional stimuli.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Narp regulates homeostatic scaling of excitatory synapses on parvalbumin-expressing interneurons.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep PMID: 20729843
Authors: Chang, M. C. - Park, J. M. - Pelkey, K. A. - Grabenstatter, H. L. - Xu, D. - Linden, D. J. - Sutula, T. P. - McBain, C. J. - Worley, P. F.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Homeostatic synaptic scaling alters the strength of synapses to compensate for prolonged changes in network activity and involves both excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The immediate-early gene Narp (neuronal activity-regulated pentraxin) encodes a secreted synaptic protein that can bind to and induce clustering of AMPA receptors (AMPARs). We found that Narp prominently accumulated at excitatory synapses on parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs). Increasing network activity resulted in a homeostatic increase of excitatory synaptic strength onto PV-INs that increased inhibitory drive and this response was absent in neurons cultured from Narp-/- mice. Activity-dependent changes in the strength of excitatory inputs on PV-INs in acute hippocampal slices were also dependent on Narp and Narp-/- mice had increased sensitivity to kindling-induced seizures. We propose that Narp recruits AMPARs at excitatory synapses onto PV-INs to rebalance network excitation/inhibition dynamics following episodes of increased circuit activity.
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Authors: Chang, M. C. - Park, J. M. - Pelkey, K. A. - Grabenstatter, H. L. - Xu, D. - Linden, D. J. - Sutula, T. P. - McBain, C. J. - Worley, P. F.
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Homeostatic synaptic scaling alters the strength of synapses to compensate for prolonged changes in network activity and involves both excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The immediate-early gene Narp (neuronal activity-regulated pentraxin) encodes a secreted synaptic protein that can bind to and induce clustering of AMPA receptors (AMPARs). We found that Narp prominently accumulated at excitatory synapses on parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs). Increasing network activity resulted in a homeostatic increase of excitatory synaptic strength onto PV-INs that increased inhibitory drive and this response was absent in neurons cultured from Narp-/- mice. Activity-dependent changes in the strength of excitatory inputs on PV-INs in acute hippocampal slices were also dependent on Narp and Narp-/- mice had increased sensitivity to kindling-induced seizures. We propose that Narp recruits AMPARs at excitatory synapses onto PV-INs to rebalance network excitation/inhibition dynamics following episodes of increased circuit activity.
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Categories: Neuropsychiatry Journals
Neuropsychiatry Journals
Journals on Addiction
- Physicians Attitudes Regarding Reporting Alcohol-Impaired Drivers
- Independent Clinical Correlates of Severe Alcohol Withdrawal
- Condom Use Behaviors in HIV-Infected African American Crack Cocaine Users
- A Modified Version of the CAGE as an Indicator of Alcohol Abuse and Its Consequences Among Undergraduate Drinkers
- Alcohol-Induced Bone Loss and Deficient Bone Repair.
Psychoanalysis Journals
- What really happens in police interviews of suspects? Tactics and confessions
- In defence of multidimensional scaling for the analysis of sexual offence behaviour: cautionary notes regarding analysis and interpretation
- Multidimensional scaling and the analysis of sexual offence behaviour: a reply to Sturidsson et al.
- MDS use with crime scene data replicates poorly: response to Goodwill, Alison, and Humann (this issue) and Davis (this issue)
- The effects of different paraphrasing styles on the quality of reports from young child witnesses